Windmill



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

II. SMALL. W1ndm11l Patented ma 11, 1880.

NTOR

446 ATTORNEY N. PEIERS; PHOTQUTMDGRAPHERrWASHINGTDN. D. C.

N. SMALL; Windmill.

No. 227,591. Patented May, 1880.

I M INVENTOR b ATTORNEY WITNESSES 2 Sheets- -Shee't 2.

NITED STATES PATENT Fries,

NOAH SMALL, 0F JONESBOROUGH, INDIAnA.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,591, dated May 11, 1880.

Application filed October 4. 1879. H

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NOAH SMALL, of Jonesborough, in the county of Grant and State of Indiana, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Windmills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of a vertical central section of my improved windmill, and Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are details.

This invention has relation to improvements in wind-engines.

The nature of the invention consists in certain novel combinations of the working parts of the device, and in the novel construction and arrangement of said parts, as will be hereinafter shown and described.

In the annexed drawings, the letter A designates the table or platform, supported at a suitable height from the floor by the standards b, and having erected thereon the upright 01' post a. This-post has at its upper end a rabbeted metallic spindle, c, forming a hearingshoulder, c.

The turn-table Bof my improved wind-engine is composed of two parallel beams, d d, laterally broadened at e, and having bearings in the said broadened parts for the reception of the spindle 0. These beams are braced together at e and e at each side of the bearings aforesaid, the upper beam being provided with the pillow-blocks G, in which the main shaft D has its bearings. Extending down vertically through the spindle, the post a, and the table A is an endwise-movable shaft, D, having its lower bearing in the weight end of a verticallyvibrating treadle-lever, E, upon the floor E. It has also near its lower'end a cone-pulley, f, by means of which and an endless belt motion is communicated to the driven pulley, and at its upper end a bevel-gear, g, that, when the power end of the treadle-lever is thrust down, is engaged with a pinion, g, upon the main shaft,and throws the machine in gear. These gears are held into engagement with each other by means of a horizontally-vibrating lever, E the end of which is swung under the weight end of the lever E aforesaid. Instead of the gear aforesaid, the main shaft may be provided with a crank, a, and the endwisemovable rod or shaft D connected therewith by means of a pitman, b, a bend, 0, being made in the said shaft in order that the pitman may not interfere therewith.

The gear-connection is for use in connection with saw-mills, thrashers, grinding-mills, and the like, and the pitman in connection with pumps and other similar mechanisms.

F indicates the vane, formed usually of boards arranged side by side, or somewhat separated from each other, and braced longitudinally by the parallel battens h. These battens receive between them the beams d d, and the vane is secured to the latter, so as to vibrate horizontally, by means of a pivot-bolt, h, extending through the said battens and beams, as shown in Fig.1. Upon the end of the vane nearest the wheel H is an obliquelyarranged board, G, of suitable dimensions, and being at an obtuse angle to the said vane. This vane is held in line with the beams by means of a weight, w, suspended from a cord, 20, attached at one end to the vane, and passing around a horizontal pulley, p, near the vane and over a vertical pulley, p, on the brace 6. Should the wind become dangerously strong it impinges against the governorboard Gr, causing the vane to swing upon its pivot h and the wheel to be thrown more or less edgewise to the wind, according to the force of the same. Upon the subsiding of the storm the weight to causes the vane to resume its former position and throw the wheel into the wind.

The same resultthat is, throwing the Wheel out of the wind-may be accomplished, when it is not desired to use the mill, by means of a cord, 00, secured to a short arm, at, projecting from the vane, extending through an eye, at, on beam at and reaching to the ground. The wheel, being thrown out of the wind, may be held in this position by engaging the cord as with a clutch or cleat, 00 on beam (1.

The hub j of wheel H is made of iron, and is usually of the form of a short right cylinder, having in its perimeter two deep parallel grooves, 2,01 it may be made ot'three independent disks clamped together. Projecting from this hub are the radial arms 70,

usually six in number, and connected together by means of a hoop, l, at their outer ends, also by a concentric ring, 1, between the hoop and the hub. The arms or spokes 7c are cleft longitudinally from their inner ends nearly to the hoop I, thus forming two legs, a a, which, being slightly spread. are inserted one in each of grooves i and rigidly secured to the hub by bolts. The spokes have, owing to this construction, something of the qualities of a truss, and, though light, are sufficiently strong and rigid to resist, in the smaller descriptions of wheels, all strain to which they will be subject without using the customary braces. In large wheels, if I so elect, I may use braces. The free ends of these arms are secured to the hoop l by means of U-shaped straps m straddling the said hoop, and having their legs bolted to the sides of the said arms, as shown in Fig. 1. This attachment is unusually strong, and dispenses with nails or screws, whichare liable to work loose and drop out; but I may use an additional hoop outside of hoop l, secured to the blades by a screw or otherwise.

The blades of the wheel are of the usual tapering form, as shown at J, and they are notched at their inner ends to receive the ring, as shown at 0. They are then thrust into oblique kerfs, 11 in the hoop and properly severtical pulley p, the cord to, and weight w,

substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a turn-table, the main shaft having its bearings therein, and a wind-wheel on said shaft, of a vane centrally pivoted to the rear extension of said table, and 4 provided on its front end with an oblique governorboard and a weight holding said vane in the prolongation of said table, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with a horizontallyas specified. 6

4. The wind-wheel consisting of the cylindrical hub j, having the parallel perimetral ,QIOOWZS't the lon gitudinally-clett radial spokes 7c, having their legs a a fitted into said grooves, the connecting-hoop l, strapped tothe ends'of 6 the spokes, the concentric ring I, and the tapering blades J, having notches 0 in their small ends, designed to receive the ring 1, and inserted in oblique kerfs in the hoop, substantially as specified. 7

5. The combination, with the hub j, having perimetral grooves 43, of the radial arms k,1ongitudinally cleft, and forming legs 02 n, adapted to be spread and inserted one in each of said grooves, substantially as specified. 7

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

NOAH SMALL.

Witnesses:

FRANK L. TRACY, AUSTIN J AY. 

